3. Learn and grow

Do you have a clear idea of where you are going and need to update your specific skills? Or do you want to develop your skills in general to give you the broadest possible overview and increase your employability? In both cases, development is a neverending process. So it's up to you whether you want to go deep or wide.

Expand your competences

In the context of development, we often talk about competences. Competences are abilities, knowledge and skills demonstrated in practice. They can be divided into three categories:

General

● transferable across positions
● they can be checked and compared
● e.g. computer skills, languages

Hard

● specific to certain positions
● they can be checked and compared
● e.g. SQL, working with electron microscope

Soft

● transferable across disciplines
● difficult to verify or compare
● e.g. communication skills, cooperation

You can focus on any type of skill in development, it is only the way in which you can develop it that differs. Some can be learned in school, courses, books or articles. Others need long-term training.

Employability skills

If you don't know where to start, try to develop those competences that are generally transferable across different fields and work areas. These can mostly be classified as soft skills, but recently the term "employability skills" has been spreading - precisely because a good level of such competences increases an individual's employability in the labour market.

Employability skills can be divided into 3 basic categories: applied knowledge, work skills and effective relationship building. These then include specific competencies.

Applied knowledge

Applied academic skills

Applied academic skills - those that are demonstrated during homework assignments, class work or class discussions.

  • Ability to read = interpreting written assignments for tasks or projects and creating outputs based on them; using print and online materials and resources, filling in worksheets and looking up advanced information.
  • Ability to write = produce laboratory reports, scientific posters and presentation materials, take notes and answer essay questions.
  • Ability to know mathematical strategies and procedures = use calculations appropriately and make logical judgements when analysing and distinguishing between available procedures; can create or interpret tables and graphs to organise and display data appropriately
  • Ability to know scientific principles/procedures = to adhere to principles, experiments, derives information, creates hypotheses ("what would happen if...") and creates procedures to accomplish the task
Critical thinking skills

Critical thinking skills - most often demonstrated during homework assignments, group work, project assignments and presenting work results.

  • Thinking creatively = A person who comes up with innovative and new ideas and solutions, applying divergent thinking (thinking leading to multiple different solutions). This can be applied, for example, in oral presentations, written work, open-ended assignments or design projects.  
  • Thinks critically = A person who exhibits analytical and strategic thinking, as demonstrated, for example, in leading discussions, moving towards understanding, assessing the problem and questioning.
  • Can make a meaningful decision = A person who can distinguish between different approaches and assess existing options (this can often be related to critical thinking).
  • Problem-solving = A person who uses available resources (human and material) in assessing a problem and looks at multiple strategies for solving problems (can be linked to creative thinking)
  • Gives reasons = A person who reassesses the pros and cons of individual ideas, approaches and solutions, and analyses options using "if...then..." thinking.
  • Plans and organises = A person plans the individual steps of his/her procedure and approach to the task. This naturally applies to most tasks, from a single sub-problem to a long-term project.

Effective Relationship Building

Interpersonal skills

Interpersonal skills - demonstrated when working in pairs or teams during short or long-term tasks.

  • Understands teamwork and cooperates with others = participates in group or pair work, contributes sufficiently to the task and has respect for others.
  • Responds to customer needs = helps other students understand tasks, find resources and perform assigned roles (other students can also be seen as customers).
  • Practices leadership = participates in group projects as a team leader or effective team member and organizes work in a way that facilitates goals and team roles.
  • Negotiates to resolve conflict = keeps other team members on track, suggests alternatives, discusses options.
  • Respects individual differences = listens and considers the ideas of all team members, responds to proposed ideas in a supportive manner and works well with all colleagues.
Personality traits

Personality traits - commonly manifested in everyday classroom activities - how they participate in class, communicate, contribute to the learning environment, interact with their classmates and manage themselves.

  • Shows responsibility and self-discipline = actively participates in class, asks questions, volunteers to answer questions, completes assignments, and works easily in a group.

  • Is adaptable and shows flexibility = adapts easily to different instructions and different types of tasks.

  • Works independently = can complete tasks on time and without demanding excessive attention.

  • Shows a willingness to learn = cooperates and participates in a meaningful way.
  • Shows integrity = treats assignments respectfully; all work is original or correctly cited.

  • Showsprofessionalism = treats others respectfully, all ideas are considered, and work is original or correctly cited.

  • Takes the initiative = can complete tasks during class on time and without notice; this is also evident during group work.

  • Shows a positive attitude and sense of self-worth = contributes positively to the lesson flow.

  • Takes responsibility for professional growth = is an active listener and seeks clarification and understanding when needed.

Working skills

Ability to manage resources

Resource management skills are part of project-based learning and group work. It can also relate to how a student can organise class time.

  • Organizes time = knows how to properly organise a time when planning project activities in the team and when managing own tasks. The ability to organise time is evident in almost any task.
  • Knows how to manage money = can manage money meaningfully in group projects with limited financial resources (e.g. design/promotion, trip planning,...).
  • Can manage other resources = can manage limited resources (material, financial and human) within different projects.
  • Organizes people = gains experience in managing people in group projects that require reallocation of limited financial and material resources; also manages own behaviour and participation
Use of information

Use of information - includes obtaining information from various sources (press, internet, television, personal contact); it can be a simple search for partial information, but also the use of information when writing final papers or preparing oral presentations.

  • Locates = knows how to use analytical strategies to select an appropriate source of information.
  • Organizes and sorts = can use graphical elements to sort information - sketches, conceptual maps, diagrams, tables, etc.
  • Practically uses = can use classification and analytical skills to select the information needed to complete a task.
  • Analyses = can assess information in terms of its relevance.
  • Communicates = can summarize the information obtained in a written or oral presentation, or report, it can also be a simple explanation of the problem to other students.
Communication skills
  • Communicates verbally = can respond verbally in the form of immediate short answers during lessons, but also more complex formal presentations

  • Active listening = noticeably involved in note-taking, asking and answering questions.
  • Understands written materials = follows written instructions, searches print and digital resources, completes worksheets and asks questions about the text read.
  • Transmits written information = in writing technical reports, posters, presentations, essays and note-taking.
  • Focused observation = can interpret the verbal and non-verbal communication of others.
Working as part of a team

Teamwork - in this case, it is a group or team working in sync to accomplish a task.

  • Understands and uses group work = understands his/her role and tasks within a collaborative team and contributes to the organisational structure and function of the team.
  • Monitors the progress of group work = suggests methods of assessing progress within the team
  • Improves the functioning of group work = during the course is willing to negotiate corrections and improvements to team tasks if necessary
Use of technologies
  • Understands and uses technology = uses digital technology for computation, data collection and display, research, presentation and report writing

Influence of personality characteristics

The extent to which a given competence is influenced by personal characteristics such as willingness to learn or whether it is a learned competence, e.g. presentation skills, also plays a role in competence development.

For competences largely determined by personality characteristics, it may cost someone who is less predisposed to the competence more effort to develop the competence compared to people who are predisposed to the competence. Therefore, for development, it is definitely worth focusing on those that are natural to you and building on your own talents.

Visualize your goals and steps using a scale

Initial success is an important motivator for development. So choose the competency that will be easier for you first. A great tool for developing competencies are scales that help you visualize the goal and set action steps to achieve it.

How to work with the scale

Draw a scale according to this pattern:

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1) Name the scale according to the competency you want to develop.

E.g. assertiveness

2) Describe what it would look like if you had developed this competency to the point where you are maximally satisfied with your level of this skill?

  • The more specific description you can manage, the better.
  • Record the ideal numerical value of this competency on a scale from 1 to 10 (1 being the minimum, 10 the maximum)

E.g. Assertiveness - I can say "no". I can stand up for my opinion even when others disagree with it. I can objectively give positive and negative feedback to others. To be satisfied, I would like to develop assertiveness to at least 8.

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3) Now imagine that 1 is a state where this competence is at the very lowest level.

4) Reflect and mark the point on the scale corresponding to your current competence level.

For example, my assertiveness level is currently at 4. Sometimes I can say "no", but I am often overwhelmed by the arguments of a larger group.

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5) Describe what you can do at this point.

E.g. Sometimes, I can say "no", but often I am overruled by the arguments of a larger group.

6) Try to list everything you can think of that might help you move this competency towards the value you want. It can be small things or big steps, it's up to you.

E.g. courses, experiences, exercises, books, and people around me

TIP! You don't have to think of everything that will help you reach your goal, but you can choose smaller steps, e.g. what can you do to improve by one point? You can also take inspiration from just what helps you now or what has helped you in the past.

7) Start developing this competence.

If you could use some help, stop by the Career Center. As part of your career consultation, we will work with you to develop an action plan for your development. You can register for one of our courses or workshops directly from companies.

Tips for developing competencies (coming soon)

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